use crate::auth::webauthn::WebAuthnConfig;
use crate::cache::{Cache, DistributedRateLimiter, create_cache};
use crate::circuit_breaker::CircuitBreakers;
use crate::config::AuthConfig;
use crate::did::DidResolver;
use crate::oauth::client::CrossPdsOAuthClient;
use crate::plc::PlcClient;
use crate::rate_limit::RateLimiters;
use crate::repo::PostgresBlockStore;
use crate::repo_write_lock::RepoWriteLocks;
use crate::sso::{SsoConfig, SsoManager};
use crate::storage::{BlobStorage, create_blob_storage};
use sqlx::PgPool;
use std::error::Error;
use std::path::PathBuf;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
use tokio::sync::broadcast;
use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
use tranquil_db::PostgresRepositories;
use tranquil_db_traits::SequencedEvent;

static RATE_LIMITING_DISABLED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);

pub fn init_rate_limit_override() {
    let disabled = tranquil_config::get().server.disable_rate_limiting;
    RATE_LIMITING_DISABLED.store(disabled, Ordering::Relaxed);
    if disabled {
        tracing::warn!("rate limiting is DISABLED via configuration");
    }
}

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct AppState {
    pub repos: Arc<PostgresRepositories>,
    pub block_store: crate::repo::AnyBlockStore,
    pub blob_store: Arc<dyn BlobStorage>,
    pub firehose_tx: broadcast::Sender<SequencedEvent>,
    pub rate_limiters: Arc<RateLimiters>,
    pub repo_write_locks: Arc<RepoWriteLocks>,
    pub circuit_breakers: Arc<CircuitBreakers>,
    pub cache: Arc<dyn Cache>,
    pub distributed_rate_limiter: Arc<dyn DistributedRateLimiter>,
    pub did_resolver: Arc<DidResolver>,
    pub sso_manager: SsoManager,
    pub webauthn_config: Arc<WebAuthnConfig>,
    pub cross_pds_oauth: Arc<CrossPdsOAuthClient>,
    pub shutdown: CancellationToken,
    pub bootstrap_invite_code: Option<String>,
    pub signal_sender: Option<Arc<tranquil_signal::SignalSlot>>,
    pub signal_store_provider: Option<Arc<dyn tranquil_signal::SignalStoreProvider>>,
    pub eventlog_segments_dir: Option<PathBuf>,
    pub repo_export_semaphore: Arc<tokio::sync::Semaphore>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct RateLimitParams {
    pub limit: u32,
    pub window_ms: u64,
}

impl RateLimitParams {
    pub fn to_governor_quota(self) -> governor::Quota {
        use std::num::NonZeroU32;
        let burst = NonZeroU32::new(self.limit).unwrap_or(NonZeroU32::MIN);
        let period = std::time::Duration::from_millis(self.window_ms);
        governor::Quota::with_period(period)
            .expect("rate limit window must be non-zero")
            .allow_burst(burst)
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum RateLimitKind {
    Login,
    AccountCreation,
    PasswordReset,
    ResetPassword,
    RefreshSession,
    OAuthToken,
    OAuthAuthorize,
    OAuthPar,
    OAuthIntrospect,
    AppPassword,
    EmailUpdate,
    TotpVerify,
    HandleUpdate,
    HandleUpdateDaily,
    VerificationCheck,
    SsoInitiate,
    SsoCallback,
    SsoUnlink,
    OAuthRegisterComplete,
    HandleVerification,
}

impl RateLimitKind {
    const fn key_prefix(&self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
            Self::Login => "login",
            Self::AccountCreation => "account_creation",
            Self::PasswordReset => "password_reset",
            Self::ResetPassword => "reset_password",
            Self::RefreshSession => "refresh_session",
            Self::OAuthToken => "oauth_token",
            Self::OAuthAuthorize => "oauth_authorize",
            Self::OAuthPar => "oauth_par",
            Self::OAuthIntrospect => "oauth_introspect",
            Self::AppPassword => "app_password",
            Self::EmailUpdate => "email_update",
            Self::TotpVerify => "totp_verify",
            Self::HandleUpdate => "handle_update",
            Self::HandleUpdateDaily => "handle_update_daily",
            Self::VerificationCheck => "verification_check",
            Self::SsoInitiate => "sso_initiate",
            Self::SsoCallback => "sso_callback",
            Self::SsoUnlink => "sso_unlink",
            Self::OAuthRegisterComplete => "oauth_register_complete",
            Self::HandleVerification => "handle_verification",
        }
    }

    pub const fn params(&self) -> RateLimitParams {
        match self {
            Self::Login => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::AccountCreation => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 3_600_000,
            },
            Self::PasswordReset => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 5,
                window_ms: 3_600_000,
            },
            Self::ResetPassword => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::RefreshSession => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 60,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::OAuthToken => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 300,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::OAuthAuthorize => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::OAuthPar => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 30,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::OAuthIntrospect => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 30,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::AppPassword => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::EmailUpdate => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 5,
                window_ms: 3_600_000,
            },
            Self::TotpVerify => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 5,
                window_ms: 300_000,
            },
            Self::HandleUpdate => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 300_000,
            },
            Self::HandleUpdateDaily => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 50,
                window_ms: 86_400_000,
            },
            Self::VerificationCheck => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 60,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::SsoInitiate => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::SsoCallback => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 30,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::SsoUnlink => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
            Self::OAuthRegisterComplete => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 5,
                window_ms: 300_000,
            },
            Self::HandleVerification => RateLimitParams {
                limit: 10,
                window_ms: 60_000,
            },
        }
    }
}

impl AppState {
    pub fn plc_client(&self) -> PlcClient {
        PlcClient::with_cache(None, Some(self.cache.clone()))
    }

    pub async fn new(shutdown: CancellationToken) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn Error>> {
        let cfg = tranquil_config::get();

        let mut state = match cfg.storage.repo_backend() {
            tranquil_config::RepoBackend::TranquilStore => {
                tracing::info!("tranquil-store repo backend active. EXPERIMENTAL!");
                Self::from_store(shutdown).await
            }
            tranquil_config::RepoBackend::Postgres => {
                let database_url = &cfg.database.url;
                let max_connections = cfg.database.max_connections;
                let min_connections = cfg.database.min_connections;
                let acquire_timeout_secs = cfg.database.acquire_timeout_secs;

                tracing::info!(
                    "Configuring database pool: max={}, min={}, acquire_timeout={}s",
                    max_connections,
                    min_connections,
                    acquire_timeout_secs
                );

                let db = sqlx::postgres::PgPoolOptions::new()
                    .max_connections(max_connections)
                    .min_connections(min_connections)
                    .acquire_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(acquire_timeout_secs))
                    .idle_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(300))
                    .max_lifetime(std::time::Duration::from_secs(1800))
                    .connect(database_url)
                    .await
                    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to connect to Postgres: {}", e))?;

                sqlx::migrate!("./migrations")
                    .run(&db)
                    .await
                    .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to run migrations: {}", e))?;

                Self::from_db(db, shutdown).await
            }
        };

        if cfg.server.invite_code_required && state.repos.user.count_users().await.unwrap_or(1) == 0
        {
            let code = crate::util::gen_invite_code();
            tracing::info!(
                "No users exist and invite codes are required. Bootstrap invite code: {}",
                code
            );
            state.bootstrap_invite_code = Some(code);
        }

        Ok(state)
    }

    pub async fn from_db(db: PgPool, shutdown: CancellationToken) -> Self {
        let cfg = tranquil_config::get();
        let (repos, block_store, signal_store_provider, eventlog_segments_dir): (
            PostgresRepositories,
            crate::repo::AnyBlockStore,
            Option<Arc<dyn tranquil_signal::SignalStoreProvider>>,
            Option<PathBuf>,
        ) = match cfg.storage.repo_backend() == tranquil_config::RepoBackend::TranquilStore {
            true => {
                let wiring = wire_tranquil_store(&cfg.tranquil_store, shutdown.clone());
                (
                    wiring.repos,
                    crate::repo::AnyBlockStore::TranquilStore(wiring.blockstore),
                    Some(wiring.signal_provider),
                    Some(wiring.segments_dir),
                )
            }
            false => {
                let repos = PostgresRepositories::new(db.clone());
                let provider: Arc<dyn tranquil_signal::SignalStoreProvider> =
                    Arc::new(tranquil_signal::PgSignalStoreProvider { pool: db.clone() });
                (
                    repos,
                    crate::repo::AnyBlockStore::Postgres(PostgresBlockStore::new(db)),
                    Some(provider),
                    None,
                )
            }
        };

        Self::build(
            repos,
            block_store,
            signal_store_provider,
            eventlog_segments_dir,
            shutdown,
        )
        .await
    }

    pub async fn from_store(shutdown: CancellationToken) -> Self {
        let cfg = tranquil_config::get();
        let wiring = wire_tranquil_store(&cfg.tranquil_store, shutdown.clone());

        Self::build(
            wiring.repos,
            crate::repo::AnyBlockStore::TranquilStore(wiring.blockstore),
            Some(wiring.signal_provider),
            Some(wiring.segments_dir),
            shutdown,
        )
        .await
    }

    pub async fn from_store_at(data_dir: &std::path::Path, shutdown: CancellationToken) -> Self {
        let base = &tranquil_config::get().tranquil_store;
        let store_cfg = tranquil_config::TranquilStoreConfig {
            data_dir: data_dir.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
            memory_budget_mb: base.memory_budget_mb,
            handler_threads: base.handler_threads,
            eventlog_pending_bytes_budget: base.eventlog_pending_bytes_budget,
            eventlog_max_event_payload: base.eventlog_max_event_payload,
            max_blockstore_file_size: base.max_blockstore_file_size,
            max_eventlog_segment_size: base.max_eventlog_segment_size,
        };
        let wiring = wire_tranquil_store(&store_cfg, shutdown.clone());

        Self::build(
            wiring.repos,
            crate::repo::AnyBlockStore::TranquilStore(wiring.blockstore),
            Some(wiring.signal_provider),
            Some(wiring.segments_dir),
            shutdown,
        )
        .await
    }

    async fn build(
        repos: PostgresRepositories,
        block_store: crate::repo::AnyBlockStore,
        signal_store_provider: Option<Arc<dyn tranquil_signal::SignalStoreProvider>>,
        eventlog_segments_dir: Option<PathBuf>,
        shutdown: CancellationToken,
    ) -> Self {
        AuthConfig::init();
        init_rate_limit_override();

        let cfg = tranquil_config::get();
        let repos = Arc::new(repos);
        let blob_store = create_blob_storage().await;
        let firehose_buffer_size = cfg.firehose.buffer_size;
        let (firehose_tx, _) = broadcast::channel(firehose_buffer_size);
        let rate_limiters = Arc::new(RateLimiters::new());
        let repo_write_locks = Arc::new(RepoWriteLocks::new());
        let circuit_breakers = Arc::new(CircuitBreakers::new());
        let (cache, distributed_rate_limiter) = create_cache(shutdown.clone())
            .await
            .expect("Failed to initialize cache and distributed rate limiter at startup");
        let did_resolver = Arc::new(DidResolver::new());
        let cross_pds_oauth = Arc::new(CrossPdsOAuthClient::new(cache.clone()));
        let sso_config = SsoConfig::init();
        let sso_manager = SsoManager::from_config(sso_config);
        let webauthn_config = Arc::new(
            WebAuthnConfig::new(&cfg.server.hostname)
                .expect("Failed to create WebAuthn config at startup"),
        );

        Self {
            repos,
            block_store,
            blob_store,
            firehose_tx,
            rate_limiters,
            repo_write_locks,
            circuit_breakers,
            cache,
            distributed_rate_limiter,
            did_resolver,
            cross_pds_oauth,
            sso_manager,
            webauthn_config,
            shutdown,
            bootstrap_invite_code: None,
            signal_sender: None,
            signal_store_provider,
            eventlog_segments_dir,
            repo_export_semaphore: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Semaphore::new(
                cfg.firehose.max_concurrent_repo_exports,
            )),
        }
    }

    pub fn with_rate_limiters(mut self, rate_limiters: RateLimiters) -> Self {
        self.rate_limiters = Arc::new(rate_limiters);
        self
    }

    pub fn with_cache(
        mut self,
        cache: Arc<dyn Cache>,
        distributed_rate_limiter: Arc<dyn DistributedRateLimiter>,
    ) -> Self {
        self.cache = cache;
        self.distributed_rate_limiter = distributed_rate_limiter;
        self
    }

    pub fn with_signal_sender(mut self, slot: Arc<tranquil_signal::SignalSlot>) -> Self {
        self.signal_sender = Some(slot);
        self
    }

    pub fn with_circuit_breakers(mut self, circuit_breakers: CircuitBreakers) -> Self {
        self.circuit_breakers = Arc::new(circuit_breakers);
        self
    }

    pub async fn check_rate_limit(&self, kind: RateLimitKind, client_ip: &str) -> bool {
        if RATE_LIMITING_DISABLED.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
            return true;
        }

        let limiter_name = kind.key_prefix();

        let limiter = match kind {
            RateLimitKind::Login => &self.rate_limiters.login,
            RateLimitKind::AccountCreation => &self.rate_limiters.account_creation,
            RateLimitKind::PasswordReset => &self.rate_limiters.password_reset,
            RateLimitKind::ResetPassword => &self.rate_limiters.reset_password,
            RateLimitKind::RefreshSession => &self.rate_limiters.refresh_session,
            RateLimitKind::OAuthToken => &self.rate_limiters.oauth_token,
            RateLimitKind::OAuthAuthorize => &self.rate_limiters.oauth_authorize,
            RateLimitKind::OAuthPar => &self.rate_limiters.oauth_par,
            RateLimitKind::OAuthIntrospect => &self.rate_limiters.oauth_introspect,
            RateLimitKind::AppPassword => &self.rate_limiters.app_password,
            RateLimitKind::EmailUpdate => &self.rate_limiters.email_update,
            RateLimitKind::TotpVerify => &self.rate_limiters.totp_verify,
            RateLimitKind::HandleUpdate => &self.rate_limiters.handle_update,
            RateLimitKind::HandleUpdateDaily => &self.rate_limiters.handle_update_daily,
            RateLimitKind::VerificationCheck => &self.rate_limiters.verification_check,
            RateLimitKind::SsoInitiate => &self.rate_limiters.sso_initiate,
            RateLimitKind::SsoCallback => &self.rate_limiters.sso_callback,
            RateLimitKind::SsoUnlink => &self.rate_limiters.sso_unlink,
            RateLimitKind::OAuthRegisterComplete => &self.rate_limiters.oauth_register_complete,
            RateLimitKind::HandleVerification => &self.rate_limiters.handle_verification,
        };

        if limiter.check_key(&client_ip.to_string()).is_err() {
            crate::metrics::record_rate_limit_rejection(limiter_name);
            return false;
        }

        let key = format!("{}:{}", kind.key_prefix(), client_ip);
        let params = kind.params();

        if !self
            .distributed_rate_limiter
            .check_rate_limit(&key, params.limit, params.window_ms)
            .await
        {
            crate::metrics::record_rate_limit_rejection(limiter_name);
            return false;
        }

        true
    }
}

struct TranquilStoreWiring {
    blockstore: tranquil_store::blockstore::TranquilBlockStore<
        tranquil_store::RealIO,
        tranquil_store::SystemClock,
    >,
    signal_provider: Arc<dyn tranquil_signal::SignalStoreProvider>,
    repos: PostgresRepositories,
    segments_dir: PathBuf,
}

fn wire_tranquil_store(
    store_cfg: &tranquil_config::TranquilStoreConfig,
    shutdown: CancellationToken,
) -> TranquilStoreWiring {
    use tranquil_store::RealIO;
    use tranquil_store::blockstore::{BlockStoreConfig, TranquilBlockStore};
    use tranquil_store::eventlog::{EventLog, EventLogBridge, EventLogConfig};
    use tranquil_store::metastore::client::MetastoreClient;
    use tranquil_store::metastore::handler::HandlerPool;
    use tranquil_store::metastore::partitions::Partition;
    use tranquil_store::metastore::{Metastore, MetastoreConfig};

    let base_dir = PathBuf::from(&store_cfg.data_dir);
    let data_dir = match std::env::var("TRANQUIL_PDS_TEST_INFRA_READY").as_deref() {
        Ok("1") => base_dir.join(format!("pid-{}", std::process::id())),
        _ => base_dir,
    };
    let metastore_dir = data_dir.join("metastore");
    let segments_dir = data_dir.join("eventlog").join("segments");
    let blockstore_data_dir = data_dir.join("blockstore").join("data");
    let blockstore_index_dir = data_dir.join("blockstore").join("index");

    std::fs::create_dir_all(&metastore_dir).expect("failed to create metastore directory");
    std::fs::create_dir_all(&segments_dir).expect("failed to create eventlog segments directory");
    std::fs::create_dir_all(&blockstore_data_dir)
        .expect("failed to create blockstore data directory");
    std::fs::create_dir_all(&blockstore_index_dir)
        .expect("failed to create blockstore index directory");

    let metastore_config = store_cfg
        .memory_budget_mb
        .map(|mb| MetastoreConfig {
            cache_size_bytes: mb.saturating_mul(1024 * 1024),
        })
        .unwrap_or_default();

    let metastore =
        Metastore::open(&metastore_dir, metastore_config).expect("failed to open metastore");

    let blockstore = TranquilBlockStore::open_with_retry(
        BlockStoreConfig {
            data_dir: blockstore_data_dir,
            index_dir: blockstore_index_dir,
            max_file_size: store_cfg.max_blockstore_file_size,
            group_commit: Default::default(),
            shard_count: tranquil_store::blockstore::DEFAULT_SHARD_COUNT,
        },
        tranquil_store::blockstore::OpenRetryPolicy::default(),
    )
    .expect("failed to open blockstore");

    let event_log = EventLog::open(
        EventLogConfig {
            segments_dir,
            pending_bytes_budget: store_cfg.eventlog_pending_bytes_budget,
            max_event_payload: store_cfg.eventlog_max_event_payload,
            max_segment_size: store_cfg.max_eventlog_segment_size,
            ..EventLogConfig::default()
        },
        RealIO::new(),
    )
    .expect("failed to open eventlog");
    let event_log = Arc::new(event_log);

    let bridge = Arc::new(EventLogBridge::new(Arc::clone(&event_log)));

    let was_clean = tranquil_store::consistency::had_clean_shutdown(&data_dir);
    tranquil_store::consistency::remove_clean_shutdown_marker(&data_dir)
        .expect("failed to remove clean shutdown marker");

    let indexes = metastore.partition(Partition::Indexes).clone();
    let event_ops = metastore.event_ops(Arc::clone(&bridge));
    let recovered = event_ops
        .recover_metastore_mutations(&indexes)
        .expect("metastore crash recovery failed");
    if recovered > 0 {
        tracing::info!(recovered, "replayed metastore mutations from eventlog");
    }

    let skip_check = std::env::var("TRANQUIL_SKIP_CONSISTENCY_CHECK").is_ok_and(|v| v == "1");
    if (!was_clean || recovered > 0) && !skip_check {
        let report = tranquil_store::consistency::verify_store_consistency(
            &blockstore,
            &metastore,
            &event_log,
        );
        report.log_findings();

        if report.has_repairable_issues() {
            let repair = tranquil_store::consistency::repair_known_issues(&blockstore, &report);
            if repair.orphan_files_removed > 0 {
                tracing::info!(
                    removed = repair.orphan_files_removed,
                    "repaired orphan data files"
                );
            }
            if repair.orphan_hints_removed > 0 {
                tracing::info!(
                    removed = repair.orphan_hints_removed,
                    "repaired orphan hint files"
                );
            }
            if repair.phantom_index_entries_purged > 0 {
                tracing::info!(
                    purged = repair.phantom_index_entries_purged,
                    "purged phantom index entries pointing at missing data files"
                );
            }
            if repair.had_errors() {
                tracing::warn!(errors = repair.repair_errors, "some repairs failed");
            }
        }

        if report.has_unrecoverable_issues() {
            panic!(
                "unrecoverable store inconsistencies detected: {} dangling root CIDs, {} dangling record CIDs, \
                 {} deserialization failures, cursor_ahead={}. \
                 manual intervention required. set TRANQUIL_SKIP_CONSISTENCY_CHECK=1 to bypass.",
                report.dangling_root_cids.len(),
                report.dangling_record_cids.len(),
                report.deserialization_failures,
                report.cursor_ahead_of_eventlog,
            );
        }
    }

    if std::env::var("TRANQUIL_PURGE_ORPHAN_REPOS").is_ok_and(|v| v == "1") {
        match metastore
            .repo_ops()
            .purge_orphan_repos(metastore.database())
        {
            Ok(0) => tracing::info!("orphan repo purge: no orphans found"),
            Ok(n) => tracing::info!(purged = n, "orphan repo purge: removed orphan repo_meta"),
            Err(e) => tracing::error!(error = %e, "orphan repo purge failed"),
        }
    }

    let notifier = bridge.notifier();
    let signal_db = metastore.database().clone();
    let signal_ks = metastore.signal_keyspace();

    let pool = Arc::new(HandlerPool::spawn::<RealIO>(
        metastore,
        bridge,
        Some(blockstore.clone()),
        store_cfg.handler_threads,
    ));

    tokio::spawn({
        let pool = Arc::clone(&pool);
        let shutdown_event_log = Arc::clone(&event_log);
        let shutdown_data_dir = data_dir.clone();
        async move {
            shutdown.cancelled().await;
            pool.close().await;
            if let Err(e) = shutdown_event_log.shutdown() {
                tracing::warn!(error = %e, "eventlog shutdown failed");
            }
            if let Err(e) =
                tranquil_store::consistency::write_clean_shutdown_marker(&shutdown_data_dir)
            {
                tracing::warn!(error = %e, "failed to write clean shutdown marker");
            }
        }
    });

    let client = MetastoreClient::<RealIO>::new(pool, Arc::clone(&event_log));

    tracing::info!(data_dir = %store_cfg.data_dir, "tranquil-store data directory");

    let repos = PostgresRepositories {
        pool: None,
        repo: Arc::new(client.clone()),
        backlink: Arc::new(client.clone()),
        blob: Arc::new(client.clone()),
        user: Arc::new(client.clone()),
        session: Arc::new(client.clone()),
        oauth: Arc::new(client.clone()),
        infra: Arc::new(client.clone()),
        delegation: Arc::new(client.clone()),
        sso: Arc::new(client),
        event_notifier: Arc::new(notifier),
    };

    let signal_provider: Arc<dyn tranquil_signal::SignalStoreProvider> = Arc::new(
        tranquil_signal::fjall_store::FjallSignalStoreProvider::new(signal_db, signal_ks),
    );

    let eventlog_segments_dir = event_log.segments_dir().to_path_buf();

    TranquilStoreWiring {
        blockstore,
        signal_provider,
        repos,
        segments_dir: eventlog_segments_dir,
    }
}
